Hieroglyph:ヒエログリフ:SSG-13:SSG-15:

Hieroglyph:ヒエログリフ:

SSG-13

https://www.bibalex.org/learnhieroglyphs/Lesson/LessonDetails_En.aspx?l=61

Graphic Transpositions:グラフィックの移調: 記号の位置の置き換え：

Sometimes signs were transposed in order to give a better appearance

見栄えをよくするために、標識が置き換えられることもありました

Ddw was written instead of

R11D46O49G43: < R11D46G43O49:

代わりに Ddw が書き込まれました

Ddw Busiris [ noun - loc. ] R11 - D46 - G43 - O49:p1761/2568

Ddw was written instead of

R11G43D46O49: < R11D46G43O49:

mAA was written instead of

U2D4G1G1: < U2G1G1D4

mAA / mArw (unknown) [ noun ] U2 - D4 - G1 - G1
mAA / mAw a sight, an appearance, an aspect [ noun ] U2 - D4 - G1 - G1
mAA the Seer, One who sees [ noun - title ] U2 - D4 - G1 - G1
mAA look on (at event) , look (at), dream [verb intransitive ] U2 - D4 - G1 - G1
mAA inspect (work etc), examine, diagnose [ verb transitive ] U2 - D4 - G1 - G1
mAA see, look upon, regard, see to (the performance of a task) [ verb transitive ] U2 - D4 - G1 - G1

p2092/2568

aH was written instead of

aH は D36O11O1 ではなく O11D36O1 と書かれていました

O11D36O1:

aH palace, temple, cabin [ noun - arch. ] O11 - D36 - O1

p1561/2568

Transpositions with Honorific Intentions: 敬語の意図を持った移調:

There was a common tendency to write words as nsw “king” and ntr “god”, as well as the names of specific kings and gods, ahead of closely connected words which in actual speech were pronounced first.

実際の音声で最初に発音される密接に関連した単語よりも、特定の王や神の名前だけでなく、単語を M23X1N35A40:nsw 「王」や R8:ntr 「神」として書く傾向がありました。

M23X1N35A40:

nsw King [ noun - title ] M23 - X1 - N35 - A40

Examples:例：

rx-nsw

known to the king

王に知られている

M23D21J1Y1:M23D21Aa1Y1:

D21J1Y1:

rx to learn, find out, to know [ verb ] D21 - J1 - Y1

p93/2568

Hm-nTr

servant of god (priest)

神の僕（司祭）

R8U36:

Hm nTr Prophet, God's Servant, Priest [ noun - title ] R8 - U36

p1757/2568

mry Imn

beloved of god Amun: アメン神の最愛の人:

M17Y5N35U6D21M17M17:

mi-Ra

like Re:Re(ラー)のように:

N5W19:

mi like, according as [ preposition ] W19 :p2433/2568

sA nsw

son of the king:王の息子:

M23X1N35A40:

nsw King [ noun - title ] M23 - X1 - N35 - A40:p1235/2568:

G39Z1:

aff fly [ noun - ani. ] G39 - Z1
sA son [ noun ] G39 - Z1

mry Imn Ra ms sw

Beloved of Amun, Re gave birth to him. (birth name of Ramses II)

アメンを愛するレ（ラー）は彼を産んだ。（ラムセス２世の本名:誕生名）

C12C2N36M23F31S29

We notice here that the names of the two gods Amun and Re are written at the beginning of the cartouche although they are not to be read first.

ここで、最初に読むべきではないにもかかわらず、アメンとレの二神の名前がカルトゥーシュの冒頭に書かれていることに気づきます。

Defective and Superfluous Writings

欠陥および余分な書き込み

Some words were written without some of its sound signs, probably due to calligraphic reasons

一部の単語は、おそらく書道上の理由により、音記号の一部を省略して書かれています。

r(m)T

People

人々

rmTt men, mankind, people [ collective noun ] D21 - V13 - A1 - B1 - Z2

p114/2568

rmTt men, mankind, people [ collective noun ] D21 - V13 - X1 - A1 - B1 - Z2

p115/2568

rmTt men, mankind, people [ collective noun ] D21 - V13 - X1 - A1 - Z2A

rmT people [ collective noun ] D21 - V13 - Z5 - Z5 - Z5 - Z3

p116/2568

H(n)qt

Beer

Hnqt beer [ noun - food ] V28 - N29 - X1 - W22

Hnqt beer [ noun - food ] V28 - N29 - N35 - X1 - W23 - Z3A

Hnqt beer [ noun - food ] V28 - N29 - W22 - Z3A

Hnqt beer [ noun - food ] V28 - N29 - X1 - W22

Hnqt sxr beer [ noun - food ] V28 - N29 - X1 - W22 - S29 - J1 - D21 - A15

Hnqt beer [ noun - food ] V28 - N29 - X1 - W24 - Z2

Hnqt beer [ noun - food ] V28 - N29 - X1 - Z5 - W23

Hnqt beer [ noun - food ] W22

Hnqt beer [ noun - food ] W24

s(my)t

Desert

砂漠：

O34X1N25:

smyt desert, necropolis [ noun - loc. ] N25:1288/2568:

xAst hill country, foreign land, desert [ noun - loc. ] N25 - X1 - Z1 :p1289/2568:

xAswt hill countries, foreign lands, deserts [ noun - loc. ] N25 - X1 - Z2 :p1289/2568:

smyt desert, necropolis, family tomb, bank, shore, edge [ noun - loc. - arch. ] O34 - G17 - M17 - M17 - X1 - N25

smyt desert, necropolis [ noun - loc. ] O34 - G17 - X1 - N25:p1599/2568:

O34X1N25:

smyt desert, necropolis, family tomb, bank, shore, edge [ noun - loc. - arch. ] O34 - X1 - N25

p1650/2568

Some other words were written with redundant sound signs, that were not pronounced

他のいくつかの単語は、発音されない冗長な音声記号で書かれていました。

nsw

King

M23X1N35:

王:

nsw King of Upper Egypt, King [ noun - title ] M23 - X1 - N35:p1235/2568:

Father

M17X1I9A1:

父親:

it father, grandfather, stepfather, ancestor [ noun ] M17 - X1 - I9 - A1 :p1208/2568:

SSG-15:

Prepositions

前置詞

https://www.bibalex.org/learnhieroglyphs/Lesson/LessonDetails_En.aspx?l=93

Egyptian prepositions are either simple or compound. Simple prepositions consist of a single unit, and compound prepositions consist of more than one unit.

エジプトの前置詞は単純または複合です。単純前置詞は単一の単位で構成され、複合前置詞は複数の単位で構成されます。

1. Examples on simple prepositions:

1. 単純な前置詞の例:

	m	In
	n	To (a person)
	r	To (a place)
	Hr	On, above, upon
	Xr	Under
	Hna	With

These simple prepositions convey different meanings according to their use in sentences; i.e r can mean ‘to a place’ and also give the meaning of ‘against’ someone. Sometime it is used as a reference to ‘future’ or comparative sense. m simply means in, from, but can be used as the m of predication.

これらの単純な前置詞は、文中での使用に応じてさまざまな意味を伝えます。 i.e r は「ある場所へ」という意味だけでなく、誰かに対して「反対する」という意味も与えます。時々、それは「未来」または比較的な意味への言及として使用されます。 G17:m は単に in、from を意味しますが、述語の m としても使用できます。

r to, towards, at, concerning, regarding, with respect to, according to [ preposition ] D21 :p70/2568:

pO-0604c:D21:r:～より（比較）

HG75:古代エジプト語には比較級がないので、D21:r:を使って表現するとある。

F35I9D21:nfr:　（HG7gの文字配列順序が違う？）

X1N35:tn:

D21:r:

N41X1V30X1:hmt nbt:

君は

全ての女性

より

美しい

r more than, from, apart, into, against, without [ preposition ] D21

r so that, until, according as [ conjunctive ] D21
r will be [ indicates futurity ] D21

NY2-4[14/4/2003]

F35D21X1D21J1X1Y1V30X1

nfrt r ht nbt

ネフェレトエルヘトネベト

「あらゆるものよりも良いもの」

G36D21G36D21A1Z3:

wr wrw

ウルウルウ

「偉大な者たちの中で最も偉大な者」

wr great, much, many, eldest, important G36 - D21
wr how many ?, how much ? [ adverb ] G36 - D21
wrt king's cobra, uraeus [ noun - clo. - epithet ] G36 - D21
wr greatness (of size), sufficiency (of food) [ noun ] G36 - D21
wr excess (of supplies), much, how much ? [ noun ] G36 - D21
wr Great One, Magnate, Chief, Ruler, Principal [ noun - title ] G36 - D21
wr noble, great, eminent, grandiose (of festival) [ adjective ] G36 - D21
wri portion (of meat) [ noun - food ] G36 - D21
wr Great One, Magnate, Chief, Ruler (of foreign land) [ noun - title ] G36 - D21 - A1
p701/2568

m in, inside, on, at, by, with, by means of, from, out of, as, namely, when, according (to) G17:p598/2568:

m though, together with, via G17

m do not, don't ! [ negative imperative ] G17
m take ! [ imperative ] G17

2. Examples of compound prepositions:

2. 複合前置詞の例:

pO-0604d

N35F34Z1:

n - ib

For the sake of

～のために

F34Z1:

ib heart, mind, understanding, intelligence, will, desire, mood, wish [ noun ] F34 - Z1
ib to wish, to desire, to take thought, take care [ verb ] F34 - Z1

p532/2568

G17D36:

m - a

Together with

～の手中に、手中から、～と一緒に